Monthly Archives: December 2024

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According to a BBC report on the 20th, researchers at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands said at a medical conference held on the 18th that they successfully removed the HIV virus (HIV) from infected cells using CRISPR gene editing technology.

Screenshots of related reports

It is reported that although existing drugs can prevent the HIV virus from further penetrating into the human body, they cannot clear the existing virus in the patient’s body. Even if patients receive effective treatment and the HIV virus in their bodies enters a dormant or latent state, they still carry HIV DNA or genetic material.

According to the BBC, the CRISPR gene editing technology used by the researchers is similar in principle to scissors, which can remove or inactivate HIV-infected cells by cutting DNA. This gene editing technology won the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

At present, the scientific research process at the University of Amsterdam is still in the proof-of-concept stage, and it will take a long time for it to be truly applied to AIDS treatment.

Scientists believe that if this new technology can be further developed, it will be expected to eliminate all HIV in the human body, thereby curing AIDS. However, some virologists also said that the possible off-target effects and long-term side effects of this technology are worrying.

Wen| Reporter Leng Shuang

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　　Flexible printed circuit boards (FPCBs) are becoming indispensable in industries like automotive, aerospace, and consumer electronics due to their flexibility, lightweight nature, and durability. As the complexity of these circuits increases, flexible printed circuit board testing becomes crucial for ensuring product reliability and performance. This article delves into the importance of FPCBs testing, examining key testing methods, challenges, and innovations in this field.

　　Testing device for flexible circuit boards

　　Testing device for flexible circuit boards

　　2. What Is Flexible Printed Circuit Board Testing?

　　Flexible printed circuit board testing refers to a series of diagnostic procedures used to assess the functionality, integrity, and durability of flexible circuits before they are integrated into devices. Testing ensures that the FPCBs meet stringent industry standards, especially in critical applications like automotive control systems and aerospace electronics, where performance failure is not an option.

　　The tests are designed to identify potential defects in manufacturing, assembly, and performance under various operating conditions. By doing so, manufacturers reduce the risk of product failures that could lead to costly recalls or safety hazards.

　　3. Key Testing Methods for Flexible Printed Circuit Boards

　　There are several widely used flexible printed circuit board testing techniques, each addressing different aspects of performance and reliability:

　　Visual Inspection: The first line of defense in testing, this method detects visible defects such as surface contamination, soldering issues, and alignment errors.

　　Electrical Testing (ET): This includes continuity testing and short circuit testing. These tests ensure that the FPCB¨s circuits can conduct electricity as expected without any unwanted connections that could cause failures.

　　Environmental Stress Testing: Flexibility is key to FPCBs, but so is their ability to withstand environmental stress. This testing subjects circuits to extreme temperatures, moisture, and bending to evaluate their durability under harsh conditions.

　　X-ray Inspection: X-rays are used to analyze internal layers and hidden connections, which helps detect potential issues in multilayered circuits.

　　Flying Probe Testing: This non-contact method checks electrical characteristics like resistance and capacitance in complex or delicate designs, without needing a test fixture.

　　Flexible circuit board testing machine

　　Flexible circuit board testing machine

　　4. Challenges in Flexible PCB Testing

　　Testing flexible printed circuit boards presents unique challenges due to their flexibility and the intricate designs often involved. Unlike rigid PCBs, FPCBs must be tested for both electrical and mechanical durability, especially bending and flexing stress.

　　Other challenges include:

　　Material Sensitivity: Flexible PCBs use thinner materials like polyimide, making them more vulnerable to damage during testing processes.

　　Complexity in Multilayer PCBs: As more layers are added to a flexible PCB, testing the internal connections without causing physical damage becomes harder.

　　Testing Equipment Compatibility: Not all standard PCB testing equipment is optimized for FPCBs, requiring specialized tools to ensure accuracy.

　　5. The Importance of Testing in Automotive, Aerospace, and Electronic Industries

　　Industries like automotive, aerospace, and consumer electronics are pushing the boundaries of flexible printed circuit board applications. As a result, the need for reliable testing is more critical than ever. In automotive, flexible PCBs are used in sensors and control units, where failure could compromise safety. Similarly, aerospace systems rely on these circuits for communication, navigation, and control systems where operational failure is unacceptable.

　　Rigorous flexible printed circuit board testing ensures these vital circuits function under varying pressures, temperature fluctuations, and bending, keeping devices operational and safe.

　　6. Innovations in Flexible PCB Testing Technologies

　　With the rising demand for smaller, more complex flexible printed circuit boards, testing technologies have evolved significantly. Some recent innovations include:

　　Automated Optical Inspection (AOI): This technology uses cameras and pattern recognition software to identify defects in real time, speeding up the testing process and improving accuracy.

　　Non-Destructive Testing (NDT): Emerging techniques like thermography and ultrasound enable testing of internal layers without physically damaging the board.

　　Advanced Stress Simulation: New simulation software predicts how a flexible PCB will perform under real-world stressors, reducing the need for physical prototypes and allowing for faster development cycles.

　　lexible circuit boards

　　lexible circuit boards

　　7. Conclusion: Gekun！Your Trusted Flexible PCB Manufacturer

　　The importance of flexible printed circuit board testing cannot be overstated, particularly in industries where safety, reliability, and performance are non-negotiable. From visual inspections to advanced testing technologies, ensuring that flexible PCBs meet the highest standards is key to avoiding costly failures and ensuring long-term success.

　　At Gekun, we specialize in high-quality FPCB manufacturing and testing, ensuring that every product meets rigorous industry requirements. Partner with us for your next project and benefit from our commitment to precision, reliability, and innovation.

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On May 14, Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Wang Wenbin held a regular press conference.

A reporter asked, China has just released the news that Russian President Vladimir Putin will pay a state visit to China. Can the spokesperson introduce in detail the relevant arrangements for this visit and what expectations does China have for President Putin’s visit?

Wang Wenbin introduced that at the invitation of President Xi Jinping, Russian President Vladimir Putin will pay his first state visit to China since starting his new term from May 16 to 17. During the visit, President Xi Jinping will exchange views with President Putin on bilateral relations and cooperation in various fields and international and regional issues of common concern in the context of the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Russia. We will release the details of this visit in a timely manner. (Reporter Zhou Jingwei)

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Seoul, March 14. KCNA reported on the 14th that Kim Jong-un, General Secretary of the Workers ‘Party of Korea and Chairman of the State Councilor, directed the People’s Army Tank Corps Joint Force to conduct a confrontation training competition on the 13th. KCNA public reports show that Kim Jong-un has guided the People’s Army’s military training on site many times this month.

KCNA said that the confrontation training competition aims to test the tank soldiers ‘actual combat capabilities and be proficient in tactics. North Korea’s new main tank participated in the competition.

The report said that Kim Jong-un expressed great satisfaction with the combat performance, strike capabilities and mobility of the new main tank. He also boarded the new main tank and drove it himself.

The report said that Kim Jong-un emphasized the important role of tank soldiers in modern warfare and called for increased efforts to organize and hold practical training and training competitions to improve combat effectiveness.

According to previous reports from KCNA, Kim Jong-un also guided the People’s Army’s artillery training earlier this month, and visited training facilities and guided actual military training at important combat training bases in the western region.

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　　Table of contents:

　　How Washable Covers Contribute to a Healthier Living Environment

　　Customization Enhances Comfort and Durability

　　Why Custom Sofa Covers Are Ideal for Uniquely Shaped Furniture

　　From protecting your furniture to enhancing comfort and health, these versatile household items are a game-changer. This blog post will explore the myriad benefits of using washable sofa covers, and why they should be on your radar.

　　How Washable Covers Contribute to a Healthier Living Environment

　　Maintaining a clean and healthy living environment is more important than ever. With washable sofa covers, you can easily ensure that your home remains a sanctuary of cleanliness. These covers help protect against dust, dirt, and accidental spills！common culprits in diminishing air quality and promoting allergens. By choosing materials like cotton and synthetic fibers, which are easy to clean, you can regularly wash your covers without hassle. This regular cleaning routine not only keeps your sofa looking immaculate but also contributes to a healthier indoor environment. Washable sofa covers also play a crucial role in reducing allergens in the home. Dust mites, pet dander, and other allergens can easily settle into the fabric of your sofa, contributing to respiratory issues and allergies. By using washable covers, you can frequently remove and clean them, effectively minimizing the presence of these allergens. This simple step can make a significant difference in the overall air quality and health of your living space. Furthermore, having the ability to easily wash your sofa covers ensures that your furniture remains fresh and inviting.

　　jopalic

　　Customization Enhances Comfort and Durability

　　One of the standout features of custom washable sofa covers is their potential for personalization. Every home is unique, with its own aesthetic and functional needs. Custom covers allow you to select materials, colors, and designs that perfectly complement your existing decor. This level of customization ensures that your sofa is not just a piece of furniture, but an integral part of your home¨s identity. Beyond aesthetics, customized covers offer enhanced comfort. By choosing high-quality fabrics and ensuring a perfect fit, these covers can make your sofa more comfortable than standard off-the-shelf options. Materials like chenille or velvet can add a touch of luxury and softness, making your lounging experience even more enjoyable. Durability is another key advantage of custom washable sofa covers. Unlike mass-produced options, a custom cover is crafted with attention to detail and quality, meaning it will stand up better to wear and tear. This durability ensures that your investment pays off over time, providing both protection for your furniture and a longer lifespan for the cover itself.

　　Why Custom Sofa Covers Are Ideal for Uniquely Shaped Furniture

　　If your living room features uniquely shaped or antique furniture, finding protective covers can be a challenge. Custom washable sofa covers offer a perfect solution, providing tailored protection for furniture that doesn¨t conform to standard sizes. This bespoke approach ensures that all parts of your sofa, regardless of shape, are covered and protected. Custom covers also provide an opportunity to enhance the aesthetic appeal of your furniture. By working with a manufacturer who understands the nuances of design and fabric, you can choose a cover that highlights your sofa¨s unique characteristics. This customization can transform your furniture from a functional item into a statement piece that enhances the overall look of your living space. Finally, for those who own antique or rare pieces, custom sofa covers are an invaluable tool for preservation. These covers can protect your valuable furniture from damage due to exposure to sunlight, dust, or accidental spills. With the right cover, you can enjoy the beauty of your unique pieces while ensuring they remain in pristine condition for years to come.

　　Custom washable sofa covers are more than just a decorative accessory; they are a functional and stylish solution for modern living. From maintaining a healthier environment to enhancing comfort and protecting unique furniture, the benefits of these covers are numerous. By choosing high-quality custom covers and working with a reputable manufacturer, you can transform your living space into a clean, comfortable, and aesthetically pleasing haven. Explore the possibilities today with Jopalic.com, your trusted sofa cover manufacturer, and see how custom washable sofa covers can revolutionize your home.

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Seoul, March 19. According to a report by the Korean Central News Agency on the 19th, Kim Jong-un, General Secretary of the Workers ‘Party of Korea and Chairman of the State Councilor, directed artillery units in the western region to conduct ultra-large rocket fire training on the 18th.

KCNA said that this is the first time that the country’s artillery units have used this ultra-large rocket with a caliber of 600 mm to conduct salvo training on a company basis. The purpose is to confirm the power and actual combat capabilities of the weapon system, and to check and improve the artillery units ‘combat mobilization status. After the company’s salvo, it also conducted an aerial explosion simulation test of the rocket at a predetermined altitude above the target.

The report said that Kim Jong-un said that overwhelming military force should be used as a force to completely eliminate the possibility of armed conflict and war. He emphasized that this ultra-large rocket gun plays an important role in war preparations, and requested that the modernization of artillery continue to be vigorously promoted around it.

　　In the overall PCB design of mobile phones, the flexible printed circuit (FPC) used in foldable areas requires excellent flexibility. The Ministry of Information Industry mandates that foldable phones must withstand at least 50,000 folding cycles while leading global smartphone manufacturers require 80,000 to 100,000 cycles. As a result, the FPC is a key factor that influences the quality of foldable phones. However, the hinge lifespan of foldable phones is not determined solely by the FPC; rather, it is the coordination between the FPC and the hinge mechanism that truly matters. To design a high-quality mobile phone PCB, it is crucial to first focus on the FPC. Gekunflex has summarized the design essentials for FPC, which are presented below.consequently rigid flex pcb I also got a lot of attention and wanted to join the ranks. https://gekunflex.com/

　　Mobile phone flexible circuit board

　　Mobile phone flexible circuit board

　　1) Material Selection:

　　To ensure bending performance, it is recommended to use a 0.5mil/0.5oz single-sided base material with rolled annealed (RA) copper. The cover layer should be 0.5mil thick.

　　2) Layer Selection:

　　Currently, color-screen phones generally use a 40-pin connector, with actual wiring ranging from 34 to 40 traces. The width of the FPC typically ranges between 3.2mm and 4mm. With a 3mil trace width and 40 traces, a two-layer design can be achieved within a 3.6mm width. A 0.5oz copper layer with 3mil traces can withstand a current of 70μA.

　　3) Trace Design for the Bending Area:

　　a) No vias should be present in the bending area.

　　b) Add protective copper traces on both outer sides of the circuit. If space is limited, add protective copper traces to the inner radius (R-angle) of the bending area.

　　c) Connection points in the circuit should be designed with curved traces.

　　Mobile phone flexible circuit board

　　Mobile phone flexible circuit board

　　4) Bending Area Design (Air Gap):

　　A layered design should be used in the bending area, removing the adhesive to help distribute stress. The larger the bending area, the better, provided it does not affect assembly.

　　5) Shielding Layer Design:

　　Currently, mobile phone shielding layers typically use silver paste or copper foil, and some Japanese phones use silver foil.

　　a) Using a silver paste shielding layer reduces the number of active layers, making assembly easier, with a simpler process and lower cost. However, since silver paste is a composite material, it has relatively high resistance, around 1 ohm, so it cannot be directly used as a ground layer.

　　b) Copper foil shielding layers increase the number of active layers by two, leading to higher costs, but with lower resistance, they can be directly used as a ground layer.

　　c) Silver foil shielding layers are too expensive to be practical.

　　Mobile phone flexible circuit board

　　Mobile phone flexible circuit board

　　6) Plating Selection:

　　To ensure bending performance, partial copper plating must be used. Full copper plating should be avoided.

　　Gekunflex has over 10 years of experience in PCB layout design, backed by a strong R&D engineering team. They assist customers and layout engineers in schematic analysis and PCB design, eliminating electrical design errors while ensuring design quality and reliability. Visit the Gekunflex website for more information.

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According to a report by TASS on July 16, a senior Republican official attending the Republican National Convention told TASS reporters that Trump was prepared to hold a dialogue with Russian President Vladimir Putin on resolving the Russia-Ukraine conflict without any middleman.

The report said that when answering a question about whether Republican presidential candidate Trump was prepared to start a dialogue with Putin on the Ukraine issue, the senior Republican Party official stressed: There is no doubt that he will start a dialogue with Putin, and there will be no middleman.

He said: Right now, the Democratic Party is not engaged in any negotiations with Russia. Of course, one person should start negotiations so that you (Russia and Ukraine) can reach some kind of agreement. When asked if the person was Trump, he gave an affirmative answer.

The senior Republican official believes that NATO should not appear in Ukraine and that the conflict should be resolved through negotiations. He said: NATO should not be present in Ukraine. There is a need for dialogue, and if dialogue opens, we can reach an agreement on how to resolve the (Ukraine) conflict.

According to reports, Russian Presidential Press Secretary Peskov emphasized that Russia remains open to any dialogue on Ukraine issues, including dialogue involving intermediaries, provided that Russia’s own goals must be achieved. On June 14, Russian President Vladimir Putin proposed conditions for mediating the situation in Ukraine, including the withdrawal of Ukrainian troops from places such as Donbas and Zaporozhye, and Kiev’s abandonment of joining NATO. In addition, Russia believes that the West should lift all sanctions against Russia and establish Ukraine’s non-aligned and non-nuclear status. (Compiled by Zhu Lifeng)

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Zagreb, March 15. Croatian President Milanovic announced on social media on the 15th that he will participate in the Croatian parliamentary elections to be held on April 17 as an independent candidate from the Croatian Social Democratic Party and will run for the position of Prime Minister.

Milanovic said he was full of confidence in winning the election and would resign as president after winning the election and assume the responsibility of leading the Croatian government. Until then, he will continue to perform his duties as President of Croatia in accordance with the Constitution.

Milanovic’s announcement shocked Croatia, because there is no precedent for a president to run for prime minister in Croatian history. As a Social Democrat, Milanovic’s move will undoubtedly inspire the Social Democratic Party, which is currently at a disadvantage in the parliamentary elections, but it will also cause huge controversy. Croatian constitutional expert Baric told the media that the Croatian Constitutional Court should clearly tell Milanovic that he can only run for prime minister if he resigns as president.

According to the latest opinion poll, the ruling party, the Croatian Democratic Community, led by Croatian Prime Minister Prenkovic, ranks first with a support rate of 265%, and the Social Democratic Party ranks second with a support rate of 179%.

Milanovic was elected President of Croatia in January 2020. Previously, he served as Prime Minister of Croatia from December 2011 to January 2016. (Reporter Li Xuejun)

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Houston, May 15 (Reporter Xu Jianmei) The municipal authority of Galveston, an island city in eastern Texas, said on the 15th that a barge hit a local bridge that day, causing a fuel leak and damage to the bridge.

The bridge involved was the only land route to Pelican Island north of Galveston. David Flores, head of bridge affairs for the Galveston County Navigation District, said that due to strong water and high waves, a tugboat from Texas International Port lost control of two refueling barges it was driving, one of which hit the bridge pillar.

Aerial footage showed that part of the bridge pillars collapsed, and large pieces of broken concrete and rail fragments hung on one side of the bridge and fell onto the barge.

After the accident, the bridge, which was opened in 1960, was closed. Galveston City Authority said in a statement that no injuries had been reported. The accident caused a fuel leak in the Gulf of Mexico, and the U.S. Coast Guard will determine the extent of the leak and initiate control and cleanup procedures.

Galveston County spokesman Spencer Lewis said the barge could carry 30,000 gallons of oil (about 113.55 million liters). It was unclear how much leaked into the bay. About 105 kilometers of waterways around the incident were closed.

Texas A & M University at Galveston on Pelican Island said the accident caused a brief power outage at the school and power has now been restored.

According to US media reports, American ship collisions with bridges have occurred frequently in the past few months. On March 26, a container cargo ship crashed into a bridge in Baltimore, Maryland, in the eastern United States and collapsed, killing six people. On April 12 and 13 on the Ohio River near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 26 inland river barges separated from their moorings due to floods and drifted uncontrollably, when one hit a bridge that had been closed. On May 9, a large barge broke loose from a tugboat on the Mississippi River flowing through Iowa and sank after hitting the nearly century-old Fort Madison Bridge.