Lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide are the main raw materials to manufacture the positive electrode of power battery, which is the core component to provide power for new energy vehicles. Goodenough, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the father of lithium battery, believes that lithium is a kind of “white oil” from the resource side. He once said: “Lithium is no less important than strategic resources such as oil. Once there is a bottleneck in mining, it may become the fuse of war like oil.”On the other hand, 电芯 It also brings tangible benefits to everyone and feels useful. It is a model of the industry. https://www.canrud.com/products/detail/6a65d3b2d5084d24b10540fe9edae280

　　Although there is no sign of war, the battle around “lithium” is becoming increasingly fierce in the market.

　　In recent years, the rapid growth of the new energy vehicle market has caused the price of lithium to soar. At the beginning of 2021, lithium carbonate was still 53,000 yuan/ton, and by the end of 2022, it had risen to 560,000 yuan/ton, an increase of more than ten times, which made a lot of lithium industry giants earn a lot of money.

　　However, at the beginning of this year, the price of lithium carbonate began to fall all the way. At the end of April, it fell to 176,400 yuan/ton and then rebounded, but it gradually fell. According to Wind data, by December 20th, the price of domestic battery-grade lithium carbonate had dropped to 101,000 yuan/ton.

　　Price changes of lithium carbonate in recent year

　　Image source: Wind

　　Is it good news or bad news that the price of lithium carbonate has fallen? This question has different answers for enterprises in different links of the new energy industry chain, such as people drinking water, knowing whether they are warm or cold.

　　First, the price of lithium “diving”

　　The fluctuation of lithium price is determined by market supply and demand.

　　Lithium carbonate comes from lithium ore, which refers to minerals or rocks containing extractable lithium, and is mainly divided into hard rock type and salt lake type. Hard rock type lithium ores are mainly distributed in Australia, China, Canada and other countries, while salt lake type lithium ores are mainly distributed in Chile, Argentina, Bolivia and other countries in South America.

　　From 2016 to the end of 2017, the demand for new energy vehicles and electronic products broke out, which made lithium batteries in short supply and the price of lithium carbonate rose rapidly, which triggered a global lithium mine fever. The capital market rushed to invest and increased the development and reserve of lithium mines.

　　Price change of lithium carbonate since April 2017 (unit: RMB)

　　Image source: Wind

　　From the end of 2018 to the end of 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic swept the world, and the economic downturn greatly reduced the public’s willingness to consume, making the supply of lithium batteries exceed the demand. At the same time, the innovation and improvement of lithium battery technology have continuously improved the performance and efficiency of lithium batteries, which has also put pressure on the price of lithium carbonate to a certain extent. The imbalance between supply and demand and inventory backlog led to the decline in the price of lithium carbonate.

　　In 2021, the global economy gradually recovered, the demand for new energy vehicles and electronic products increased again, and the demand for lithium batteries increased, which led to a sharp rebound in lithium prices. Especially in 2022, it will continue to be at a high level of more than 450,000 RMB per ton.

　　However, behind the prosperity lies the crisis of collapse. After all, no matter how fast the demand grows, it is not as fast and stable as the mining industry. According to the Global Supply and Demand Report of Lithium-ion Battery Industry Chain in 2023 released by TrendForce, the global lithium production will reach about 860,000 tons of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) in 2022, and it is predicted that the global lithium production will reach 1.21 million tons in 2023, an increase of over 40%！this is obviously faster than the growth of market demand.

　　Overproduction leads to oversupply, and the price of lithium is “diving”, and the good days are over.

　　Second, eat the most “fat” meat and get the most “poisonous” beating.

　　From the buried mineral deposits to the batteries on the speeding electric vehicles, lithium runs through the industrial chain of lithium batteries in different forms. We simply divide this industrial chain into three links:

　　Upstream, it is a supplier of raw materials, realizing the transformation of lithium from lithium ore to lithium carbonate.

　　Midstream, a battery manufacturer, has realized the transformation of lithium from lithium carbonate to battery.

　　Downstream, it is the buyer of batteries, including new energy car companies.

　　Specifically, raw material suppliers located in the upstream of the industrial chain determine the supply of “lithium”. In China, the upstream enterprises include Tianqi Lithium Industry, Ganfeng Lithium Industry and Shengxin Lithium Energy. The year before, they made the most profits, and their output also made a “great leap forward”. Observer reported that the monthly output of battery-grade lithium carbonate in China reached 72,850 physical tons from January to November this year, up 53.79% year-on-year. However, when the price of lithium carbonate plummeted, they became the most seriously damaged enterprises. There are 27 companies whose A-shares are included in the concept of lithium mine. In the first three quarters, revenue decreased by 3.43% on average and net profit decreased by 63.47% on average. It can be seen that the output has increased, but the income has decreased, and the profit has plummeted by more than half.

　　What is more painful is that the current price of lithium has fallen below the production cost of some enterprises, that is to say, the more production, the more compensation.

　　Domestic raw materials of lithium carbonate mainly come from salt lakes in Tibet and Qinghai, spodumene in Sichuan, lepidolite in Jiangxi, and refined lithium ore mined from abroad, and the preparation cost increases in turn. According to industry experts’ estimation, the lowest cost of preparing lithium carbonate from salt lake can reach 30,000 yuan/ton, while the cost of preparing lithium carbonate from spodumene is about 70,000 yuan/ton.

　　21st century business herald once estimated that with the expansion of production, in 2022, the average cost of producing lithium carbonate by 12 domestic listed companies will increase to 124,400 yuan/ton. According to Late Finance, the cost of lithium carbonate for Yichun project in Jiangxi, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited is between 130,000 and 150,000 yuan per ton.

　　At present, the price of lithium is about to fall below 100,000 yuan/ton, that is to say, even enterprises with their own minerals can continue to produce without losing money, and only a few are left. DoNews sorted out the financial reports of some enterprises in the first three quarters, and their revenues and profits generally declined, with poor performance, especially the changes in profits were particularly bleak.

　　As the industry leader, the company’s revenue in the first three quarters was 25.68 billion yuan, down 6.99% year-on-year, and the net profit attributable to the mother was 6.01 billion yuan, down 59.38% year-on-year. Among them, in the third quarter, the company achieved revenue of 7.537 billion yuan, down 42.76% year-on-year, and net profit of 160 million yuan, down 97.88% year-on-year.

　　Tianqi Lithium’s revenue in the third quarter was 8.576 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 17.14%, and its net profit returned to its mother was 1.646 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 70.89%. Regarding the decline in profits, Tianqi Lithium said that the decline in the average selling price of lithium chemical products is the core reason for the decline in gross profit of lithium chemical products.

　　Considering that many new lithium salt projects are gradually entering the stage of capacity release, the situation of oversupply of lithium carbonate is likely to continue for some time, and the price of lithium carbonate will run at 100,000 yuan/ton or even lower. As an upstream enterprise of raw material suppliers, the days of suffering may be far away.

모모Rough PolishingMore importantly, put jewelry It is imperative for us to make thorough analysis and maximize its social function. https://tonglinring.com/

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모모1, First of all, the rough toss. Rough polishing is to throw away the file marks, pliers marks, drill marks, burrs and the black oxide layer left by welding on the surface of the jewelry metal bracket, and try to throw the jewelry metal bracket flat and coordinated, so that the arc is smooth and the lines are smooth. But also can not be too hard, polishing too hard, such as in the jewelry bracket surface left a depression will be difficult to restore its appearance. Rough casting is the basis of medium casting and fine casting. If it fails to meet the requirements, it will affect the later polishing and directly affect the quality of jewelry.

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모모Polishing Brush

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모모2. Then start polishing motor, rotate polishing brush (Zong brush) by motor shaft rotation force, brush tightening will be coarse sweeping agent C green wax block (containing chromium oxide) daub on the brush, you can polish.

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모모3. The brush is mainly used to polish the mesa of the inlaid jewelry, the main and auxiliary stone edging, the gap of the decorative decoration and the outside of the ring, but also to polish the reverse side of the jewelry. In the process of operation, the first thing to pay attention to is to evenly polish the wax to the brush, polishing force should be appropriate, not too much force and cause jewelry deformation, claw, loose claw, and even stone phenomenon, also can not polish is not in place and still have residual file marks, scratches, etc. All jewelry should be rough polished again, polishing is not obvious enough to repeat polishing.

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모모4. If polishing the inlaid ring, the inner ring of the ring should be polished with a velvet rod, and the appropriate velvet rod should be selected according to the needs. Green polishing wax must be applied to the ring velvet core before polishing. When throwing, pay attention to the contact surface of the velvet mandrel and ring, that is, the ring can not be set into the velvet mandrel too deep, and keep the polishing contact surface is 1/3 of the inner circle arc. Polishing Angle surface is too small, the working efficiency is low; If the contact surface is too large, it is very inconvenient to change the polishing position. Moreover, due to the large friction resistance, it is difficult to hold the jewelry to be polished, and it is easy to cause the polished jewelry to fly out and damage the shape of the gem ring surface or jewelry.

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모모5, rough polishing should pay attention to the brush and cloth wheel waxing, but a waxing can not be daub too much, to avoid polishing wax after the heat to melt it covered on the surface of the jewelry, and cover the jewelry surface traces and pockmarks, which will affect the quality of rough polishing jewelry, and bring difficulties to fine polishing, and even lead to rough polishing again.

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모모6, Polishing operator polishing techniques will also affect the quality of polishing, polishing operation is not correct, it is impossible to throw good jewelry. Generally speaking, when polishing, try to make the jewelry parallel to the polishing cloth wheel, hold the jewelry tightly with both hands and move along the cloth wheel from the top down. Polishing must be done evenly all parts of the jewelry at once, each part must be thrown in place. The polishing technique is not correct, and the polished jewelry is easy to be flicked off the hand on the high-speed polishing wheel, which is very easy to cause damage to the gem ring surface, deformation and fracture of the metal bracket. If the polished jewelry is small in size (such as chest pendants and ear studs), you can prepare a hook made of wire. Keep the polished jewelry with your left hand, and avoid skipping polishing and uneven weight of force during polishing. If there is a jumping phenomenon, it may be that the polishing wheel is not on the axis, it may also be that the polishing cloth wheel is not round, it is more likely to be the gesture problem, find out the reason, it is good to solve the problem.

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모모7, Some of the more difficult polishing of alloy jewelry, due to the metal toughness of jewelry in the soft metal cast light retention phenomenon, not easy to throw bright metal surface, can only be repeatedly polished to meet the requirements, such as platinum jewelry as far as possible polishing, polishing method and rough polishing is basically the same, still with a brush and yellow cloth wheel polishing, polishing wax is different, It mainly uses white polishing wax with fine particle size (it is an oxide containing aluminum). Medium polishing is to operate in accordance with the rough polishing method, the jewelry from beginning to end again.

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모모Fine Polishing

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모모8, Any jewelry after rough polishing must be fine, so as to make the metal jewelry surface finish stronger, fine polishing is further fine polishing on the basis of rough and medium polishing, make the jewelry surface more flat, smooth, to achieve the effect of mirror reflection. But its polishing friction contact surface is small, polishing not only the force should be small and uniform, and the surface of the jewelry must be completely polished again, the specific method is to use a fine white cloth wheel with red polishing wax, polishing the front of the jewelry, and then polishing the side of the jewelry, the corner. If the ring is polished, it should be polished with red wax on the ring velvet core rod. Then, polish the front of the ring on the floral shoulder, and finally polish the sides and outer ring of the jewelry.

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모모9, The jewelry after rough polishing, polishing and fine polishing 3 times, it should be said that the surface of the jewelry can reach the degree of smooth as a mirror. But sometimes because the grinding is too rough, there are still large file marks and scratches on the surface of the jewelry. It몶s very difficult to remove it through the polishing procedure. There is also the polishing process will row cover in the jewelry surface under the pitting spot grinding out, which not only affects the finish of the jewelry but also affects the quality of the jewelry, the situation must be trimmed, the jewelry on the trace file mark to use the hanging grinder to sweep the needle sandpaper to polish. Jewelry surface pitting spot must be repaired welding, grinding flat before polishing.몪몪

　　With the progress of science and technology and the idea of intelligent life deeply rooted in people’s hearts, more and more people begin to rely on various intelligent tools to improve the efficiency of daily life. Under this background, as a convenient payment tool, icash card has gradually become an indispensable companion in urban life, which not only covers a wide range of consumption scenarios, but also provides great convenience for users through various intelligent functions.However, in other words, we should know more about it. icashµ„ø® The law of development has brought new vitality to the whole industry and revitalized the market. https://www.icash.uno/

　　In the busy city life, time is money, and icash card is committed to providing users with a fast and safe payment experience, so that every consumption becomes efficient and smooth. Whether shopping in a supermarket or ordering in a coffee shop, you can complete the transaction with a light brush, eliminating the trouble of looking for change or waiting for change. In the fast-paced city life, this convenience undoubtedly saves people a lot of time and enables them to devote more energy to it.

　　Moreover, the icash card has a wide range of applications, which can be used for daily food purchase, transportation, or leisure and entertainment consumption. Through cooperation with many merchants, icash card has covered many industries and fields, providing users with all-round payment convenience. When enjoying delicious lunch in fast food restaurants, watching the latest movies in cinemas or buying favorite goods in shopping centers, icash card can be easily handled, making life easier.

　　In addition to the basic payment function, icash card also introduces the concept of intelligent management. Users can easily check their own consumption records and understand each expenditure through mobile phone applications, which not only helps budget management, but also enables users to master their consumption habits in real time, thus making more informed financial decisions. Moreover, some applications also provide consumption reminders and analysis functions, allowing users to optimize their expenditure structure according to consumption data, avoid unnecessary waste and improve their quality of life.

　　Nowadays, environmental protection has been paid more and more attention. As a digital payment method, icash card has also contributed to the popularization of paperless consumption. Traditional cash payment requires banknotes and coins, while digital payment has effectively reduced the use of paper and metal, reduced resource consumption and environmental pollution. By promoting digital payment, icash card has responded to the call of sustainable development, allowing users to contribute to environmental protection while enjoying convenience.

　　To a certain extent, icash card is not only a simple payment tool, but also an intelligent part of urban life. With the progress of science and technology, it integrates more intelligent elements, such as automatic recharge and online shopping, which greatly enriches users’ life experience. In the future, icash card will be combined with more intelligent technologies to continuously connect with consumers’ needs through big data analysis to promote the realization of personalized services. Considering the diversified and personalized needs of modern life, icash point cards are constantly being innovated and upgraded. In order to meet the needs of different users, various types of cards are introduced, with richer functions and designs. These measures not only meet the multi-level needs of users, but also strengthen the interaction and contact with users, so that each user can find the most suitable smart partner.

　　The application of icash card in daily life makes the life of urban residents more convenient and comfortable. With the continuous progress and innovation of science and technology, the future of card will be bright, and it will continue to promote the construction of smart cities and provide more possibilities for people. For the fast-paced urban life, this moment of convenience is just the intelligent companionship we need.

　　According to the latest data of China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, from January to December, 2023, a total of 52 power battery enterprises in China’s new energy vehicle market achieved vehicle loading facilities, 5 fewer than the same period of last year, and the elimination rate was close to 10%.In order to open the market, Pouch Cell Battery Fixture:0 Constantly improve the ability of business development and create an extraordinary brand image for it. https://www.canrud.com/products/detail/98ebf7f87db548ada4c1bfade0ad432c

　　On the other hand, the top ten power battery enterprises have loaded 375.3GWh, accounting for 96.8% of the total vehicle. Compared with 95% in 2022, 93.5% in 2021 and 91.8% in 2020, power battery companies have staged the drama that the stronger the stronger.

　　Power battery companies ranked lower are struggling.

　　Gateway Power, a lithium battery factory owned by Galaxy, is obviously one of them. From January to October, 2023, the loading capacity of Gateway Power was only 0.88GWh, ranking 13th. Now, the company has stopped production for two months.

　　Source/Weibo New Energy Prospective Screenshot

　　Jiewei Power was established in 2009 with a registered capital of 1.218 billion yuan. It is a 15-year veteran lithium battery enterprise. Once, it was full of lofty sentiments. It became the top 3 in the power battery industry in five years, ranked among the top 3 in the world in 10 years, applied for IPO of A shares in 2022, and strived for listing in 2023. After all, it was “but before he could conquer, he was dead”.

　　Obviously, in the power battery industry, there are still many battery manufacturers that are not as good as Jiewei Power. They are also facing many problems, even life and death tests. How do you spend this winter?

　　01

　　Small battery factories are getting worse every year.

　　The person in charge of the lithium battery manufacturer who suffered in 2023 will definitely miss 2022, especially the “small factory” of lithium batteries.

　　Wu Sujun, a grassroots employee who has worked in Jiewei Power for more than ten years, once told the media that the company still has some orders in 2022, but the quantity is not large. Mainly small modules, not finished products. In 2023, there was no order, and the factory could only do some battery repair work, and about 200 sets were repaired every month.

　　Compared with more than 2,400 employees in the glorious period, gateway power had only about 400 employees left in its headquarters before the production stopped, and 200 people left after the production stopped. The 2022 annual report shows that in 2022, the number of social security participants of Jiewei Power was 882, which dropped by more than 70% in less than one year.

　　The closed production lines record the cruelty of the lithium battery industry. According to the Shenzhen Communique of the 10th G20！-Lithium Battery Summit, since 2023, the average capacity utilization rate of domestic power batteries is less than 60%, and that of energy storage batteries is less than 55%.

　　Figure/Jiewei Power Electric Center Workshop

　　Source/Gateway Power Official Website New Energy Prospective Screenshot

　　In fact, in addition to the power battery companies such as Jiewei Power, there are also four major materials (cathode materials, anode materials, separators and electrolytes) for lithium batteries.

　　In terms of capacity utilization rate, many companies disclosed that the overall capacity utilization rate of the anode industry decreased significantly in 2023. Even the leading enterprise Shangtai Technology announced the suspension of production in the first quarter of 2023.

　　On the evening of March 27, 2023, Shangtai Technology announced that Licheng Road Base had stopped production. It is reported that Licheng Road Base started construction in 2008. It is the earliest production base of Shangtai Technology, and also the starting place and birthplace of the company’s entrepreneurship, with an annual production capacity of over 10,000 tons.

　　”The supply and demand of the entire anode material industry has reversed, facing a situation of overcapacity.” Shangtai Technology clearly stated in the announcement.

　　The performance of Ferrous lithium phosphate cathode manufacturers in operating rate is also relatively sluggish. According to market data, in November 2023, the average operating rate of manufacturers was less than 50%, and it has accelerated to about 20% since December. The output of cathode materials in Ferrous lithium phosphate has reached a new low since June 2023.

　　02

　　Solve overcapacity

　　”Surplus” became the label of lithium battery industry in 2023.

　　Mr. Gang ‘an, the technology developer of Jiewei Power, said that the company kept investing in building factories, which eventually led to overcapacity.

　　How many lithium batteries did Gateway Power produce? According to the information of official website, Jiewei Power has two production bases, Yancheng and Changxing, with an effective production capacity of 10GWh. Jiewei Power CEO Lu Chenli announced in 2022 that the company plans to reach the power battery production capacity of 100GWh in 2025.

　　Source/Gateway Power Official Website New Energy Prospective Screenshot

　　Zhu Huarong, Chairman of Changan Automobile, once predicted that by 2025, the demand for power batteries in China will be 1000GWh, while the production capacity of the industry has reached 4800GWh, and the degree of excess can be imagined.

　　The four major materials of lithium battery also have different degrees of surplus. Some organizations predict that the global electrolyte capacity planning will exceed the demand by 3.4 million tons in 2025.

　　It is also a means of self-help for the lithium battery factory and the four major material enterprises behind it to delay the production capacity and adopt the low inventory procurement policy.

　　The semi-annual report of Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited in 2023 shows that its inventory is only 48.91 billion yuan, which is 27.76 billion yuan less than that at the end of 2022. Zhongchuang Singapore Airlines, the third in the industry, cleared its inventory slightly, and its inventory decreased from 11.82 billion yuan at the end of 2022 to 10 billion yuan, a decrease of 18.2%.

　　Enterprises in the upper and middle reaches of lithium batteries have been kidnapped by the “game theory” of production capacity, forcing low inventory.

　　Jin Yiteng, an open source securities company, said that as the pace of production scheduling in downstream battery factories declined and the price of lithium battery materials in the middle reaches continued to fall due to overcapacity, battery factories also adopted a lower raw material inventory procurement strategy, forcing middle-stream lithium battery materials enterprises to reduce their start-up, maintain low inventory, and delay the launch of new capacity.

　　Low inventory is obtained on the premise of price reduction. According to the data of Xinyi Lithium Battery, an industry research institution, on January 24th, 2024, the average price of square Ferrous lithium phosphate power battery and energy storage battery was 0.38 yuan /Wh and 0.43 yuan /Wh, respectively, which was more than 50% lower than the price of 0.9 yuan /Wh in early 2023, and the price has reached the lowest point in history.

　　The seriousness of the price reduction can be seen. According to the statistics of Hi-Tech Lithium Battery, compared with 2022, the gross profit margin of diaphragm listed companies in the third quarter of 2023 decreased by about 40%, the electrolyte field decreased by about 25%, the cathode field decreased by about 20%, the ternary cathode decreased by about 9%, and the iron-lithium cathode decreased by about 5%.

　　03

　　Power Battery 2024: More Fierce Fight

　　”After experiencing rapid growth in demand and production capacity, the lithium battery field is currently facing the challenge of overcapacity. It is expected that supply and demand will further deteriorate in 2024 and it is expected to ease in 2025. ” Huatai Securities pointed out.

　　In today¨s fast-paced world, staying connected is more important than ever. Whether you’re powering your smartphone, laptop, or other electronic devices, the type of charger you use can significantly impact your experience. This article explores the key differences between high-speed power adapters and standard chargers, helping you make an informed decision for your charging needs.understand custom power adapter supplier In order to better serve customers and reflect the core competitiveness of products. https://www.jyh-electronic.com/

　　Understanding High-Speed Power Adapters

　　A high-speed power adapter is designed to deliver power to your devices more quickly than standard chargers. These adapters utilize advanced technologies such as USB Power Delivery (USB-PD) and Qualcomm¨s Quick Charge to increase the rate at which power is transferred. As a result, devices can reach full charge in a fraction of the time compared to traditional chargers.

　　How Standard Chargers Work

　　Standard chargers typically operate at a fixed voltage and current, usually providing 5V and 1A (5W) or 2.1A (10W) of power. While reliable, these chargers charge devices at a slower pace. They are suitable for devices with lower power requirements or for situations where rapid charging is not necessary.

　　High-Speed Power Adapters vs. Standard Chargers: Whats the Difference?

　　Key Differences Between High-Speed Power Adapters and Standard Chargers

　　1. Charging Speed

　　The most obvious difference is the speed at which devices are charged. High-speed power adapters can deliver significantly higher wattage, often ranging from 18W to 100W or more. This allows compatible devices to charge much faster. For example, a high-speed adapter can charge a smartphone in about an hour, whereas a standard charger might take two hours or more.

　　2. Technology and Compatibility

　　High-speed power adapters incorporate advanced charging technologies like USB-PD, Quick Charge, and proprietary fast-charging protocols. These technologies negotiate the optimal power delivery based on the device¨s requirements, ensuring efficient and safe charging. On the other hand, standard chargers lack these intelligent features and deliver a consistent, lower power output.

　　3. Versatility

　　High-speed adapters are often more versatile, supporting a wide range of devices from smartphones and tablets to laptops and even some gaming consoles. Standard chargers are typically limited to lower-power devices and may not be suitable for high-demand electronics.

　　4. Safety Features

　　Both high-speed power adapters and standard chargers include safety features to protect against overcharging, overheating, and short circuits. However, high-speed adapters often come with more sophisticated safety mechanisms due to their higher power output and the complexity of their charging technologies.

　　5. Portability and Design

　　Standard chargers are generally more compact and lightweight, making them easier to carry around. High-speed adapters, while slightly larger, often include multiple ports and may require additional cables to support various devices. Despite this, many manufacturers strive to keep high-speed adapters as portable as possible without compromising performance.

　　When to Choose a High-Speed Power Adapter

　　Frequent Travelers

　　If you travel frequently, a high-speed power adapter can be a lifesaver, allowing you to charge multiple devices quickly between flights or while on the move.

　　Power-Intensive Devices

　　For devices that consume a lot of power, such as laptops, tablets, and gaming consoles, a high-speed adapter ensures that they charge efficiently without long waiting times.

　　Multi-Device Charging

　　High-speed adapters often come with multiple ports, enabling you to charge several devices simultaneously. This is ideal for households with multiple electronics or for office environments.

　　＾Bright Christmas, custom jewelry Light up the Heart￣for a long time jewelry manufacturer It has an extraordinary development speed, and I believe that the future will be as overwhelming as ever. https://tonglinring.com/

　　Christmas pendant

　　When the snow falls and the Christmas bell is about to ring, people are looking for the gift that can convey the heart best. In this festival full of warmth and surprise, custom jewelry is undoubtedly the best choice.

　　christmas tree pendant necklaces

　　Christmas is a time of magic and romance. The streets twinkled with colorful lights and the shops were filled with a dazzling array of goods. However, among the many gifts, custom jewelry stands out for its unique charm. Each piece of custom jewelry is unique, just like that special person in your heart.

　　Custom jewelry is not only a piece of jewelry, but also an emotional sustenance. You can design jewelry that is unique to your partner based on his or her preferences, personality and style. Whether it is a bright diamond necklace, a delicate bracelet, or elegant earrings, you can express your deep love and blessing to each other on this special day.

　　Imagine the surprise and emotion in your loved one¨s eyes when he or she opens that beautiful gift box and sees the piece of jewelry that was made just for him or her. It is a happiness that cannot be expressed in words, a testimony to the deep affection between you.

　　Moreover, custom jewelry is highly collectible. It will not lose its luster with the passage of time, but will become more precious because of the precipitation of years. In the future, whenever the other party wears this jewelry, it will think of this beautiful Christmas and think of your deep feeling.

　　This Christmas, let custom jewelry be your messenger of love. With its brilliant light, illuminate your future road; Tell your romantic story with its unique charm. To choose custom jewelry is to choose an eternal love and commitment.

　　With the rapid development of science and technology, digital and virtual assets have gradually become an important part of people’s lives. How to manage these assets safely and conveniently has become an urgent problem. Under this background, the emergence of digital wallet provides us with a brand-new solution. icash.one official website is committed to creating a powerful and personalized digital wallet for users to help users better manage, trade and protect their digital assets.After that, icash‘§∏∂ø® Not afraid of the future, dare to fight and fight, and won applause again and again in the market. https://www.icash.uno/

　　Today, with the increasing number of digital assets, a single payment function can no longer meet the needs of users. At the beginning of its design, icash.one focused on the user experience and paid attention to the comprehensive functional layout. Whether it is storage, sending, receiving or trading, users can easily complete it on this platform. Through the account management function, users can check their asset changes at any time and master the financial dynamics. At the same time, the classified management system provided, Users can freely create different asset groups according to their own needs. This function not only simplifies the management process, but also enables users to recognize their asset portfolios more clearly.

　　Security is one of the most important considerations of digital wallet. icash.one official website has adopted multiple security mechanisms, from user authentication to asset storage, and has carried out strict security design. Through distributed technology and encryption algorithm, all user data and transaction records have been effectively protected, and users’ assets will not be threatened by hacker attacks and data leakage, whether in public or private networks. In addition, the system also provides active monitoring and abnormal alarm functions to find any suspicious transactions in time.

　　In digital asset management, user experience is a factor that can’t be ignored. icash.one has made great efforts in interface design. The simple and intuitive operation interface allows every user to get started quickly, and both beginners and experienced players can easily find the required functions. At the same time, the mobile application of the platform constantly optimizes, which ensures that users can manage their wallets conveniently at any time and any place. Through real-time notification function, users can grasp the transaction dynamics in time, so that every operation can be made in.

　　Socialization is also a highlight of icash.one. This platform is not only a personal asset management tool, but also encourages interaction and communication among users. Through social functions, users can easily share asset management experience, get suggestions from others, and even participate in community discussions. Such interaction not only increases the trust among users, but also promotes the popularization and development of digital assets. In addition, the platform adopts regularly published educational content to help users better understand the operating mechanism and market trends of digital assets.

　　In the increasingly fierce market competition, icash.one has always adhered to the principle of user-centeredness, and constantly carried out technological innovation and iterative update. Whether it is the expansion of functions or the improvement of security, the team has maintained a high degree of sensitivity, responded to market changes in time and met users’ needs. This flexibility has provided users with continuous use value, ensuring that they can always experience cutting-edge services and technologies in the process of digital asset management.

　　The digital wallet provided by icash.one official website not only has the basic functions of traditional wallets, but also strives to bring the best management experience to every user through innovative design, security and social interaction. As more and more people start to contact and use digital assets, this exclusive wallet will undoubtedly become a part of their lives, helping them to better manage their wealth in this digital era.

모모1 Introductionperiod laser pointer pen Many adjustments have also been made, and the direction of product research and development has been reversed, in order to better meet the market demand. https://highpowerlaser.shop/collections/frontpage

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모모Laser diode pumping solid-state lasers (DPLs) have attracted great interest due to their high efficiency, high beam quality, compact structure and long life. In recent years, with the successful development of high-power diode lasers, the development of DPL and its application in military, industrial, medical, scientific research and other fields have been promoted.

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모모The heat loss of the laser diode (LD) accounts for more than 50% of the total power consumption during normal operation, and the instability of the working temperature of the laser diode caused by the heat loss will change its output wavelength, which will affect the efficient and stable output of the DPL. In addition, heat is generated during the light pumping of the laser crystal of a solid-state laser, which also needs to be cooled. With the increase of the power of the solid-state laser pumped by the laser diode, the heat load generated by the device is increasing, and the heat dissipation density is getting higher and higher, and the DPL cooling problem has become a technical difficulty in the current DPL research.

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모모In order to solve the problem of high-power DPL heat dissipation, many scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research work in recent years, and proposed a variety of cooling methods such as microchannel liquid convection heat exchange, solid cooling, spray cooling and micro heat pipe cooling. In this paper, the research status of these technologies is reviewed and analyzed, and on this basis, microchannel boiling heat exchange cooling and liquid nitrogen cooling technologies are proposed.

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모모2 Technical Principles

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모모There are different types of high-power solid-state lasers, such as solid-state heat-capacitance lasers, new thin-slice lasers, fiber lasers, end-face pumping lasers, etc., although the shape and heat dissipation of each laser heat dissipation device are different, but its main heat dissipation devices are the pumping source and gain medium. The cooling principle of the pumping source and gain medium can be illustrated in Figure 1. According to the theory of heat transfer, laser cooling can be expressed as follows:

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모모In the formula, the heat dissipation is the heat dissipation capacity of the heat dissipation device, the 붸 is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the cooling working fluid in the heat sink channel, the heat exchange area of the heat sink channel, the wf is the temperature of the inner wall of the heat sink channel, and the f is the temperature of the cooling working fluid. 멊h is scattered

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모모Thermal device temperature. The purpose of laser cooling is to take away the heat dissipation of the heat dissipation device and ensure a certain temperature of the heat dissipation device.

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모모It can be seen from equation (1) that in order to improve the heat dissipation, the convective heat transfer coefficient of the cooling working fluid in the heat sink channel should be increased as much as possible, the heat exchange area of the heat sink channel should be increased, and the temperature of the cooling working fluid should be reduced. At the same time, the thermal conductivity of the heat sink is reduced, so that the temperature of the inner wall of the heat sink channel is uniform and as close to the temperature of the heat sink device as possible.

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모모3 Research status

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모모The research status of four cooling technologies, namely microchannel liquid convection heat transfer, solid cooling, spray cooling and micro heat pipe cooling, is reviewed and analyzed.

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　　Brand visual identity () design is a vital part of enterprise brand building, which can effectively convey the core value and personality of the brand and help enterprises stand out in the market. However, it is not easy to choose a reliable brand design. In the face of many designs in the market, how can enterprises choose the most suitable partner from them? This paper will provide you with practical elements of choosing brand design from many angles to help you make wise decisions.If you want to make a big difference in the market, midjourney prompt It is necessary to intensify the upgrading of products on the original basis in order to meet the consumption needs of consumers. https://www.groprompt.com/

　　1 Understand the design experience and professional background

　　It is very important to choose an experienced design company. A designer with many years of industry experience can usually provide more professional services in brand design, and they have a deep understanding of market trends, brand building and consumer psychology. You can evaluate their design ability and experience by looking at past cases, customer evaluations and successful design works.

　　2 Investigate the creative ability of the design team

　　Brand design is not only a visual presentation problem, but also a comprehensive expression of corporate culture and values. Therefore, creative ability is an important criterion when choosing a design. Excellent design usually has a professional and creative team, who can create a unique and impactful brand image according to the needs of enterprises. When choosing, you can ask the designer to provide some original works to show and evaluate their design ideas and innovation ability.

　　3 Pay attention to the customization of design scheme

　　Every brand is unique, so brand design should be highly customized, which can accurately match the brand positioning, market goals and cultural characteristics of enterprises. Reliable design will tailor the design scheme according to your needs and corporate background, rather than applying standard templates. When negotiating, be sure to know whether the design can put forward unique and strategic design ideas according to the actual situation of your enterprise.

　　4 Evaluate the communication and service capabilities of the design.

　　Good communication is the key to successfully complete the design project. When choosing a design, we should understand its project management process and communication mechanism with customers. Whether it can respond to customers’ needs in time and provide reasonable design suggestions and opinions are all important standards to measure the quality of design services. A reliable design should be able to maintain close communication with customers and ensure that the design direction is always consistent with customer needs.

　　5 View customer cases and industry reputation

　　By looking at the past customer cases and industry reputation of design, you can help you understand their design level and professionalism more comprehensively. Excellent brand design usually has some design cases of famous enterprises or successful brands. These cases can not only show their design achievements, but also reflect their adaptability and flexibility in different enterprise industries.

　　6 understand the follow-up service of design projects

　　Brand design is not only a one-off project, but also a long-term brand building process. When choosing a design, we should not only pay attention to the design effect, but also understand its follow-up service guarantee. Whether to provide brand maintenance and renewal services after design and whether to provide continuous design support according to market changes are all factors that need to be considered. A reliable design usually provides support in the later stage of the project to help enterprises continuously optimize and enhance their brand image.

　　Summary:

　　Choosing a reliable brand design is one of the key factors for corporate brand success. By paying attention to design experience, creative ability, customized services, communication skills, customer cases and follow-up services, enterprises can select the partners that best meet their own needs. Careful selection can ensure the quality of brand design and enhance the market competitiveness of enterprises.

　　As the saying goes, “if you want to do a good job, you must first sharpen your tools”, when you want to go on stage to give a wonderful PPT explanation or teaching, in order to let the audience clearly grasp the progress position of what the narrator says, the guidance of the laser pointer is indispensable. However, there are not only a variety of styles that compound the functions of the briefing machine and mouse in the laser pointer products, but also common red light and professional-grade green light and blue light in terms of light color, so it must not be easy to buy.As we all know, laser pointer rechargeable The emergence of the market is worthy of many people’s attention, which has aroused the waves of the whole market. https://highpowerlaser.shop/collections/burning-laser

　　Therefore, this article will take you to understand the purchase skills of laser pointers, whether you want to find a style for presentations, or need a higher power industrial laser pointer, as long as you can find the most suitable product after reading this article, let’s read down to take a look!

　　Benefits of using a laser pointer:

　　When teaching and giving presentations on the podium, it is usually necessary to use auxiliary props such as laser pointers, so that the audience can clearly know where the content mentioned is on the PPT. However, many people who are looking for convenience and speed will choose to use their hands or long instruments such as batons to instruct, but laser pointers also have many irreplaceable advantages.

　　First, when the screen is too large or inconvenient to move around on stage, the hand and stylus may not be able to reach every corner of the frame, while the laser pointer can easily reach all the beams. In addition, when using a finger or a command pen, it is inevitable that part of the picture will be obscured by the shadow of the body, and the dotted laser pointer ensures that the audience can see the full text and graphics of the presentation.

　　In addition, when using a projector or or other device to make a report, it is common to turn off light sources such as electric lights to make the projected image clearer, but at the same time, the narrator’s movements become difficult to read due to the darkness, and the laser pointer can be clearly seen in a dimly lit environment. Therefore, it is recommended that all commentators buy a laser pointer in case of emergency, which will not only be more flexible in the way of use, but also greatly improve the accuracy of the report.

　　Key points for choosing a laser pointer

　　Next, we will explain what to consider when choosing a laser pointer, and whether you are buying from a physical store or an online store, you can find a product that meets your needs by checking the following points.

　　1. Think about the color of the light first

　　Laser pointers are mainly divided into red and green depending on the wavelength of the light, and although there are other colors such as blue light on the market, the following details the differences between the most common red and green colors.

　　1.1 Red light: high popularity, relatively affordable and easy to get

　　The red light type must be the most familiar laser pointer style in everyone’s impression, because of its cheapness, many styles and high popularity, it is very suitable for people who want to start quickly, in addition, the red light type due to low power consumption, a single battery can be used for a long time and is not easy to cut off, it is quite recommended to use people with high frequency to buy.

　　However, compared with green light, red light is not easy to project on screens such as plasma TVs, and its visual sensitivity and irradiation distance are also unsatisfactory, but it is more than enough for use in small spaces in classrooms or conference rooms.

　　1.2 Green light: suitable for large, bright spaces

　　Green light has high visual sensitivity and a long projection distance, and there are even high-performance models with a range of up to 200~300m on the market, so it is more stable for people who often use it in large conference rooms and lecture halls. However, due to the complexity of the structure, the average price is higher than that of the red light model; However, if you buy a cheap model, problems such as unstable beam output may occur, so it is recommended to compare the performance of each product when buying a green laser pointer to avoid mistakes.

　　2. The shape affects the feel when using

　　Laser pointers have a variety of styles to choose from depending on the shape, and it is recommended to evaluate the suitable products according to personal usage habits. For example, users who prioritize portability can choose a small pen type or key ring type; If you are concerned about the freedom of your hands when using it, you can choose a ring that can be fastened to your finger like a ring; For those who value grip, there is a special shape that enlarges the grip to match the shape of the palm.

　　However, when considering the feel, we should not ignore the disadvantages that come with it, such as the light source of the ring model is usually weak, and the style with a large grip will be bulky overall, so it is important to evaluate the balance of the advantages and disadvantages of the product when purchasing in order to find the most ideal product.

　　3. Diverse accessibility features

　　In addition to the models that simply have the function of an indicator light, there are also models with a variety of wireless technologies that can improve the smoothness of reporting.

　　3.1 Presentation function: easily switch PPT pages

　　Many occasions that use laser pointers to report will be operated together with PowerPoint (referred to as PPT) and other presentation software, at this time, if you choose a model with wireless technology, you can freely turn the page, so that the process of reporting can be more easily explained and freely interact with the audience without the scope of the computer.

　　3.2 Mouse function: free operation of the computer

　　If you have to operate the computer to play videos and open Excel spreadsheets from time to time, it is recommended to choose a laser pointer with mouse function, because it can freely click and slide the page, which can greatly reduce the rhythm of the report caused by operating the computer. Although this type of product has a large number of buttons and takes time to get started, it can be a great tool for presentations after getting used to the interface.

　　4. Confirm the range of wireless signal reception

　　If you intend to use the additional functions described in the preceding paragraph, the signal is usually connected by a USB wireless receiver or Bluetooth, and in order to ensure a smooth and uninterrupted signal between the laser pointer and the computer, it is important to confirm the signal reception range of the product when purchasing the relevant product.

　　Most of the signal range in commercial products falls between 10m~30m, so if you plan to use it in a large conference room, it is recommended to choose a wide range of models. In addition, the Bluetooth model usually has a large signal reception range, and even a long-distance product of up to 50m can be found, if you can’t confirm the size of the site before arriving at the site, or often operate the laser pointer in different scale locations, you must be able to use the Bluetooth laser pointer more securely.

　　5. CNS mark: to ensure product safety

　　Since the laser pointer is made to be recognized by the human eye by projecting a high-power concentrated beam, if it is directly irradiated to the eye, there will be a risk of blindness, so it is important to choose a model that has been inspected by the Bureau of Standards, Inspection and Inspection of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and passed the national standard (CNS, also known as orthography) when purchasing.

　　Generally speaking, the power of laser pointers for presentation on the market is limited to laser class 2 and 1mW, but if it is used for advanced applications such as engineering and stargazing, there are also products with higher power on the market, so it is recommended to select products according to individual use purposes. If you only need to use it in small spaces such as classrooms and conference rooms, you can reduce the risk to humans by choosing products with safety signs.

　　summary

　　In order to complete a perfect briefing, a laser pointer that can make a point is indispensable. By reading the key points of this article, I believe you have gradually clarified what products are suitable for you. I wish everyone can choose the right laser pointer for you.